Publication Ethics and Malpractice Statement

The journal follows the core principles of publication ethics set out by the Committee on Publication Ethics (COPE). Authors are required to confirm that submitted work is original, has not been published elsewhere, and is not under consideration by another journal. Plagiarism, data fabrication, falsification, and duplicate submission constitute serious ethical violations and will result in rejection or retraction. Reviewers are expected to maintain confidentiality and disclose any conflicts of interest.